This article provides a focused overview of emerging technology in musculoskeletal MRI and CT. These technological advances have primarily focused on decreasing examination times, obtaining higher quality images, providing more convenient and economical imaging alternatives, and improving patient safety through lower radiation doses. New MRI acceleration methods using deep learning and novel reconstruction algorithms can reduce scanning times while maintaining high image quality. New synthetic techniques are now available that provide multiple tissue contrasts from a limited amount of MRI and CT data. Modern low-field-strength MRI scanners can provide a more convenient and economical imaging alternative in clinical practice, while clinical 7.0-T scanners have the potential to maximize image quality. Three-dimensional MRI curved planar reformation and cinematic rendering can provide improved methods for image representation. Photon-counting detector CT can provide lower radiation doses, higher spatial resolution, greater tissue contrast, and reduced noise in comparison with currently used energy-integrating detector CT scanners. Technological advances have also been made in challenging areas of musculoskeletal imaging, including MR neurography, imaging around metal, and dual-energy CT. While the preliminary results of these emerging technologies have been encouraging, whether they result in higher diagnostic performance requires further investigation.
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