Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Opportunistic Infections and Beyond

Rekha Siripurapu; Yoshiaki Ota

doi:10.1016/j.nic.2022.07.014

Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Opportunistic Infections and Beyond

Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2023 Feb;33(1):147-165. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2022.07.014.

Authors

Rekha Siripurapu¹, Yoshiaki Ota²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neuroradiology, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford, M6 8HD, UK. Electronic address: rekha.siripurapu@nca.nhs.uk.
² Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/GattsukiRadiol.

PMID: 36404041
DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2022.07.014

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) has changed the epidemiology of HIV in the last 20 years with increased survival and decreasing incidence of opportunistic infections (OI), CNS OI remain a major cause of morbidity. Improved survival has also increased neurological presentations due to co morbid conditions, treatment related side effects and inflammatory syndromes. Being familiar with the imaging findings, the impact of ART and interpretation of imaging in the context of clinical and laboratory findings is important for radiologists as well as clinicians in the management of HIV-infected patients.

Keywords: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND); Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS); JC Virus; Lymphoma; Opportunistic infections; Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML); Tuberculosis.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections* / diagnostic imaging
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections* / drug therapy
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections* / epidemiology
HIV
HIV Infections* / complications
HIV Infections* / diagnostic imaging
HIV Infections* / drug therapy
Humans