Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection in congenital heart disease: A single-center experience in Indonesia

Sisca Natalia Siagian; Susandy Oetama; Fathy Zuandi Pohan; Brian Mendel; Olfi Lelya; Damba Dwisepto Aulia Sakti; Yovi Kurniawati

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.1022183

Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection in congenital heart disease: A single-center experience in Indonesia

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Nov 1:9:1022183. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1022183. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Sisca Natalia Siagian¹, Susandy Oetama¹, Fathy Zuandi Pohan², Brian Mendel^{1

3}, Olfi Lelya¹, Damba Dwisepto Aulia Sakti¹, Yovi Kurniawati¹

Affiliations

¹ Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, National Cardiovascular Centre Harapan Kita, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
² Division of Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care, National Cardiovascular Centre Harapan Kita, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
³ Sultan Sulaiman Government Hospital, Serdang Bedagai, Indonesia.

Abstract

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) patients are thought to be vulnerable to COVID-19 complications. In this study, we would like to assess the outcomes and clinical characteristics in COVID-19 CHD patients.

Method: A single-center, observational study was conducted in National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita (NCCHK). This study included patients with CHD who were hospitalized for COVID-19. The extracted data were baseline characteristics, clinical findings, supportive examination findings, complications, outcomes, and length of stay of the patients. The data were then analyzed using SPSS 26.0 software.

Result: Twenty-six patients with CHD and COVID-19 infection were included in our study. There were 24 resolved cases and 2 deaths, four patients experienced complications such as renal insufficiency (1), sepsis (2), and multiorgan failure (1). The median length of stay was 13 days. The most common symptoms experienced by the patients were breathlessness (65.4%), cough (57.7%), and fever (42.3%).

Conclusion: We observed a relatively mild COVID-19 clinical course despite prior research showing that patients with cardiovascular comorbidities, such as CHD, have a higher case-fatality rate. This could be because of the smaller sample size, non-standardized diagnosis, severity, treatment, and age group.

Keywords: CHD (congenital heart disease); COVID-19; clinical outcome; comorbidities; congenital heart disease.