Influence of Mn Ions' Insertion in Pseudo-Tetragonal Phased CaBi4Ti4O15-Based Ceramics for Highly Efficient Energy Storage Devices and High-Temperature Piezoelectric Applications

Ahmad Hussain; Nawishta Jabeen; Najam Ul Hassan; Altaf Ur Rahman; Muhammad Usman Khan; Adeela Naz; El Sayed Yousef

doi:10.3390/ijms232112723

Influence of Mn Ions' Insertion in Pseudo-Tetragonal Phased CaBi₄Ti₄O₁₅-Based Ceramics for Highly Efficient Energy Storage Devices and High-Temperature Piezoelectric Applications

Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 22;23(21):12723. doi: 10.3390/ijms232112723.

Authors

Ahmad Hussain¹, Nawishta Jabeen², Najam Ul Hassan³, Altaf Ur Rahman⁴, Muhammad Usman Khan¹, Adeela Naz¹, El Sayed Yousef^{5

6}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics, The University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan.
² Department of Physics, Fatima Jinnah Women University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan.
³ Department of Physics, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
⁴ Department of Physics, Riphah International University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
⁵ Research Center for Advanced Material Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

In the present era of advanced technology, the surge for suitable multifunctional materials capable of operating above 300 °C has increased for the utilization of high-temperature piezoelectric devices. For this purpose, a pseudo-tetragonal phased CaBi₄Ti_3.98 (Nb_0.5Fe_0.5)_0.02O₁₅:xwt%MnO₂ (CBTNF:xMn), with x = 0-0.20, ceramic system has been engineered for the investigation of structural, ferroelectric, dielectric and high-temperature-dependent piezoelectric properties. XRD analysis confirms that low-content Mn-ion insertion at the lattice sites of CBTNF does not distort the pseudo-tetragonal phase lattice of CBTNF:xMn ceramics, but enhances the functional behavior of the ceramic system, specifically at x = 0.15 wt%Mn. Compared to pure CBT and CBTNF ceramics, CBTNF:0.15Mn has demonstrated a highly dense relative density (~96%), a saturated polarization (P_S) of 15.89 µC/cm², a storage energy density (W_ST) of ~1.82 J/cm³, an energy-conversion efficiency (ƞ) of ~51% and an upgraded piezoelectric behavior (d₃₃) of 27.1 pC/N at room temperature. Sharp temperature-dependent dielectric constant (ε_r) peaks display the solid ferroelectric behavior of the CBTNF:0.15Mn sample with a Curie temperature (T_C) of 766 °C. The thermally stable piezoelectric performance of the CBTNF:0.15Mn ceramic was observed at 600 °C, with just a 0.8% d₃₃ loss (25 pC/N). The achieved results signify that multi-valence Mn ions have effectively intercalated at the lattice sites of the pseudo-tetragonal phased CBTNF counterpart and enhanced the multifunctional properties of the ceramic system, proving it to be a durable contender for utilization in energy-storage applications and stable high-temperature piezoelectric applications.

Keywords: BLSF’s; CaBi4Ti4O15; MnO2; energy storage; ferroelectric; piezoelectric; pseudo-tetragonal.

MeSH terms

Ceramics / chemistry
Manganese Compounds*
Oxides
Temperature
Titanium*

Substances

Titanium
Manganese Compounds
Oxides

Grants and funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through research groups program under grant number (RGP.2/193/42).