Analysis of Recipes Shared as 'Healthy' in a Popular Brazilian Website: A Cross-Sectional Study

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 26;19(21):13914. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192113914.

Abstract

Cooking is crucial to the achievement of healthy eating habits, and the internet, as host of culinary recipes websites, is a medium for the dissemination of cooking-related content. Research has revealed that most recipes available on internet sites do not have healthy characteristics when compared to recommendations for healthy eating, even the ones promoted as 'healthy'. This study investigated culinary recipes available on the 'healthy eating' section of a popular Brazilian recipe-sharing website. Recipes (n = 814) were analyzed with a validated framework based on national dietary guidelines. Ingredients (n = 5887) were classified according to the extension and purpose of their industrial processing. The recipes' titles were content analyzed to identify the health-related words and phrases used. Recipes contained ultra-processed foods and not enough unprocessed or minimally processed foods, such as legumes (4.7%, n = 380), nuts and seeds (18.4%, n = 150), and fruits (n = 32.7%, n = 263). The recipes' titles mentioned 564 health-related terms, appealing to physical characteristics, including weight loss, and fads, such as gluten-free, dukan, low-carb, detox, fitness, ripped body, and belly burner. Therefore, the 'healthy' recipes available on the Brazilian recipe-sharing website presented many aspects not in accordance with national dietary guidelines.

Keywords: culinary recipes; food processing; internet recipes; qualitative framework; website.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Brazil
  • Cooking
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diet
  • Fast Foods*
  • Feeding Behavior*

Grants and funding

This work was supported in the form of scholarships by Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) [Finance code 001] [A.M.C. and A.M.B.] and by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) [G.B.I.].