Monkeypox: An Unfamiliar Virus-Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Treatment with Special Emphasis on Oral Health

Visha Shailesh Pandya; Vini Mehta; Mohammas Miraj; Sharifa M Alasiry; Wdad Alanazy; Tintu Thomas Uthup; Riyaz Ahamed Shaik; Cesare D'Amico; Maura Mancini; Francesca Gorassini; Luca Fiorillo; Aida Meto

doi:10.3390/diagnostics12112749

Monkeypox: An Unfamiliar Virus-Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Treatment with Special Emphasis on Oral Health

Diagnostics (Basel). 2022 Nov 10;12(11):2749. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12112749.

Authors

Visha Shailesh Pandya¹, Vini Mehta², Mohammas Miraj³, Sharifa M Alasiry⁴, Wdad Alanazy⁵, Tintu Thomas Uthup⁶, Riyaz Ahamed Shaik⁷, Cesare D'Amico⁸, Maura Mancini⁹, Francesca Gorassini⁸, Luca Fiorillo^{8

10

11}, Aida Meto^{11

12}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vaidik Dental College & Research Centre, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu 396210, India.
² Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India.
³ Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Maternity Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh 13316, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy.
⁹ Unit of Ophthalmology, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
¹⁰ Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80121 Naples, Italy.
¹¹ Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Aldent, 1007 Tirana, Albania.
¹² Clinical Microbiology, School of Dentistry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy.

Abstract

With the recent increased prevalence of human outbreaks, monkeypox has been recognized for decades as an infectious disease with substantial pandemic potential. The majority of cases of this virus have been observed in the European region (11,865), with few cases in the Western Pacific (54). Various governing health agencies are striving to restrain the fatal monkeypox virus (MPXV). Health practitioners around the world are learning about the many clinical manifestations of this infection, and its potential therapies. Despite the plethora of new evidence and rising cases, the essential questions remain unsolved. Thus, in this review, we have modernized the outlook for monkeypox, which will be helpful for various medical practitioners. In the light of continuing outbreaks around the world, we have also presented our assessment of the readiness of India against this outbreak, with a special focus on its effects on oral health.

Keywords: dentistry; monkeypox; oral health; pandemic; zoonosis.

Publication types

Review

Grants and funding

The authors would like to thank the Deanship of Scientific Research at Majmaah University for supporting this work under project number R-2022-321.