A cross-sectional study on the effect of dietary zinc intake on the relationship between serum vitamin D3 and HOMA-IR

Biao Hu; Zheng-Yang Lin; Yuan Cai; Yue-Xin Sun; Shu-Qi Yang; Jiang-Long Guo; Shi Zhang; Dong-Lin Sun

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.945811

A cross-sectional study on the effect of dietary zinc intake on the relationship between serum vitamin D₃ and HOMA-IR

Front Nutr. 2022 Oct 24:9:945811. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.945811. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Biao Hu¹, Zheng-Yang Lin¹, Yuan Cai², Yue-Xin Sun¹, Shu-Qi Yang¹, Jiang-Long Guo³, Shi Zhang¹, Dong-Lin Sun⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
² Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
³ Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
⁴ Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Abstract

Introduction: Serum vitamin D₃ concentration is associated with the risk of insulin resistance. Zinc has also been reported to be associated with a lower risk of insulin resistance. In addition, zinc is an essential cofactor in the activation of vitamin D₃. However, the effect of dietary zinc intake on the relationship between vitamin D₃ and insulin resistance risk has not been fully studied. Therefore, we designed this cross-sectional study to assess the impact of changes in zinc intake on the relationship between vitamin D₃ and insulin resistance risk.

Study design and methods: This study analyzed data from the national Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018, involving 9,545 participants. Participants were stratified by zinc intake category (low zinc intake <9.58 mg/ day; High zinc intake: ≥9.58 mg/ day).

Results: In this cross-sectional study, serum vitamin D₃ levels were independently associated with the risk of insulin resistance in both the low and high Zinc intakes (β: -0.26, 95%Cl: -0.56~0.04 vs. β: -0.56, 95%Cl: -1.01~-0.11). In addition, this association was influenced by different dietary zinc intakes (interaction P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Our results suggest that zinc intake may influence the association between serum vitamin D₃ and the risk of insulin resistance. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to provide more evidence of this finding.

Keywords: a cross-sectional study; insulin resistance; interaction; vitamin D3; zinc.