Effects of probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis) supplementation on mortality, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of native Vietnamese broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium

Tran Van Be Nam; Luu Huynh Anh; Huynh Tan Loc; Chau Thi Huyen Trang; Nguyen Thiet; Ly Thi Thu Lan; Tran Hoang Diep; Nguyen Hong Xuan; Nguyen Trong Ngu

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2022.2302-2308

Effects of probiotic (Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis) supplementation on mortality, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of native Vietnamese broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium

Vet World. 2022 Sep;15(9):2302-2308. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2302-2308. Epub 2022 Sep 26.

Authors

Tran Van Be Nam¹, Luu Huynh Anh², Huynh Tan Loc³, Chau Thi Huyen Trang³, Nguyen Thiet⁴, Ly Thi Thu Lan⁵, Tran Hoang Diep⁶, Nguyen Hong Xuan⁷, Nguyen Trong Ngu²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research, and Development Institute, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam.
² Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam.
³ Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam.
⁴ Department of Agricultural Technology, College of Rural Development, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam.
⁵ Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Department, School of Agriculture and Aquaculture, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh City, Vietnam.
⁶ Department of Animal Science and Veterinary, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, Tien Giang University, My Tho City, Vietnam.
⁷ Food Technology Department, Faculty of Biological, Chemical, and Food Technology, Can Tho University of Technology, Can Tho City, Vietnam.

Abstract

Background and aim: Probiotic species have been proven to be beneficial on broiler performance; however, most studies have focused on industrial chickens with fast growth, whereas little information concerning the use of these species on native chickens is available. This study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum (LP) and Bacillus subtilis (BS) on the mortality, growth rate, and carcass characteristics in native Noi chickens challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium.

Materials and methods: We divided 420 1-day-old Noi chicks into seven different treatment groups (n = 60): negative control (no S. Typhimurium, no probiotics or antibiotics); positive control (PC, S. Typhimurium infection, no probiotics or antibiotics); and S. Typhimurium infection and supplementation with LP, BS, LP + BS, enrofloxacin, and commercial probiotics, respectively. Treatment was for 96 days, and the chicks were orally challenged with S. Typhimurium at 22 days old.

Results: No deaths occurred during the 4 weeks post-infection in the negative control, LP, or LP+BS groups. The PC group had the highest mortality rate (20%). Re-isolation of S. Typhimurium from the liver, spleen, and heart showed reduced bacterial counts at 1 week post-infection in the LP, BS, and LP + BS groups. The lowest body weight gain was observed in the PC group (949 g/bird), and chicks in the LP group gained 1148 g/bird. An improved feed conversion ratio was noted in the groups receiving probiotic supplementation (3.42-3.50 kg feed/kg gain). There was little evidence that probiotics affected carcass percentage and related parameters, such as breast, thigh and drumstick, and wings.

Conclusion: Lactobacillus plantarum or BS dietary supplementation to native Noi broilers resulted in a lower mortality rate and improved body weight gain but did not affect carcass characteristics.

Keywords: Bacillus subtilis; Lactobacillus plantarum; Noi chicken; growth; mortality.