The Use of Enteric Contrast in the Emergency Setting

Abstract

Historically, computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis had been performed routinely with enteric contrast to help improve diagnostic accuracy. However, the utility of enteric contrast has been called into question recently, particularly in the high-patient-volume setting of the emergency department. This article reviews the role of enteric contrast in the emergency setting. Particular emphasis is given to specific clinical scenarios in which enteric contrast provides value. These include the identification of abdominal postsurgical complications such as anastomotic leaks and fistulas, detection of penetrating bowel injuries, evaluation of acute appendicitis, and assessment of small-bowel obstructions.

Keywords: Appendicitis; Emergency radiology; Enteric contrast; Gastrointestinal leak; Oral contrast; Penetrating trauma; Rectal contrast; Small-bowel obstruction.