Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant noncommunicable disease associated with high long-term mortality. In addition to more effective secondary therapies, the primary prevention of CVD has developed markedly in the past several years. This study aims to investigate the evidence and impact of reducing the threshold for primary CVD risk management to 10% over 10 years with "statin" therapy. To conduct research a systematic review utilizing 5 electronic database searches was completed for studies, analyzing the clinical effect of reducing the threshold of CVD risk to 10% over 10 years for primary prevention with statin therapy. The study included six (6) trials. Statin therapy was allocated to 31,018 participants. The mean age was 61 years and the mean follow-up was 4.6 years. The mean relative reduction in total cholesterol was 19% (from an average of), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was 28.3% (from mmol/L to mmol/L) and triglycerides were 14.8% (from mmol/L to mmol/L). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was observed to increase by a mean of 3.3% (from mmol/L to mmol/L). When examining all-cause mortality, statin therapy was associated with a 12% relative risk reduction compared with control, where overall rates were reduced from 1.4% to 1. % There is a 30% risk reduction in general major coronary events (from to %). There is a 19% risk reduction in general major cerebrovascular events with the statin group. While there is undoubtedly statistical evidence that supports the observation of the effectiveness of statin therapy for primary prevention, there is a risk that many hundreds of patients need to be treated to avoid a single adverse clinical outcome.
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