Less air pollution did not explain the decline in admissions for AMI during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Sardinia, Italy

Meloni Luigi; Ranieri Gaetano; Marchetti Maria Francesca; Francesca Aste; Piga Carlo; Casu Gavino; Pes Rosanna; Meloni Ivan; Loi Bruno; Montisci Roberta

doi:10.1177/22799036221129414

Less air pollution did not explain the decline in admissions for AMI during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Sardinia, Italy

J Public Health Res. 2022 Oct 27;11(4):22799036221129414. doi: 10.1177/22799036221129414. eCollection 2022 Oct.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, AOU Cagliari, Italy.
² Department of Civil, Environmental Engineering and Architecture (Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale e Architettura), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
³ UOC Cardiologia Clinica ed Interventistica AOU SASSARI Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
⁴ Struttura Complessa Di Cardiologia-Utic P.O. Olbia, Italy.
⁵ Cardiologia Ospedale San Francesco Nuoro, Italy.
⁶ S.C. Cardiologia Interventistica con S.S. Emodinamica, AOU Brotzu Cagliari, Italy.

Abstract

During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) decreased worldwide. We compared the admissions for AMI in the four regional 24/7 cath lab during the national lockdown, the 8 weeks before the lockdown, the 8 weeks after the e lockdown, and the corresponding time period in 2019 and we analyzed the average level of pollution in the studies areas. A marked decline in AMI admissions was observed during the lockdown period in comparison with the 8 weeks before the lockdown (p < 0.0001) and a significant increase in the 8 weeks after the lockdown (p < 0.00001). No significant change in air pollutants density were highlighted. Since air pollution did not change substantially in our region, the environment factor cannot explain the decline in the number of admissions for AMI we recorded during the lockdown. Fear of contagion is the most plausible reason for the drop of hospitalizations during the lockdown period.

Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction; COVID-19 pandemic; acute cardiovascular events; air pollution; lockdown.