Integration strategies and models to support transition and adaptation of culturally and linguistically diverse nursing staff into healthcare environments: An umbrella review

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this umbrella review was to establish recent evidence on integration strategies and models to support transition and adaptation of culturally and linguistically diverse nursing staff into healthcare environments.

Design: Umbrella review conducted according to Joanna Briggs institute guidelines.

Data sources: Data were collected from CINAHL, PubMed, Medic, ProQuest and Scopus electronic databases in 2021.

Review methods: Two researchers simultaneously screened studies' eligibility by title, abstract and full text. Quality appraisal for the selected studies was assessed according to Joanna Briggs institute critical appraisal. Data were synthesized by conducting content analysis.

Results: Twenty-seven reviews were included in the final synthesis. Strategies and models for supporting the transition and adaptation of culturally and linguistically diverse nursing staff into healthcare environments were structured as intra-organizational, sociocultural, and professional development. Intra-organizational strategies and models were unique to a particular organization and included policies and support, diversity, collegial and peer support, employee treatment and workplace environment. Sociocultural strategies and models addressed social, cultural and group dynamics using cultural training, learning and support, social support and friendships, language and communication, and personal skills development. Professional development enhanced nursing competence, ability to practice and workplace professional development. This was supported through licensure and orientation to work, career and competence development, and workplace mentorship and preceptorship.

Conclusion: There is a need to understand culturally and linguistically diverse nurses' needs and motivation to integrate, which is essential toward developing efficient integrational strategies and models. Strategies and models also need to support cultural and personal competence development of native nurses to aid efficient integration of culturally and linguistically diverse colleagues. Future studies can evaluate nursing workforce shortages and their implications on integration process.

Keywords: Adaptation; Content analysis; Culturally and linguistically diverse; Integration; Model; Nurse; Nursing workforce; Strategy; Transition; Umbrella review.