Treatment of Hypertrophic Scars with Corticoid-Embedded Dissolving Microneedles

Abstract

Hypertrophic scarring (HTS) is frequently observed after deep dermal and full-thickness skin defects. Local drug delivery in HTS has been shown more effective compared to other (minimally) invasive treatments. Disadvantages being operator-dependency and non-uniform drug distribution. Moreover, injections are painful and difficult when confronted with extensive scars or HTS in children. Corticoid-embedded dissolving microneedles (CEDMN) were developed that provide painless skin penetration and direct dermal drug delivery. Hyaluronic acid-based DMN and CEDMN patches were utilized. Structural analysis was performed via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy while gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was applied to determine chain length (molar mass) and dispersity of hyaluronic acid. Mechanical properties were evaluated by compression testing. Five burn victims with HTS were included. For each individual, three comparable scars were chosen. One control scar was left untreated. Two scars were treated with either 600 or 800 µm CEDMN patches. Patients were treated monthly for 4 months. Treatment with 800 µm CEDMN was initiated after 8 weeks. Assessor-blinded POSAS was registered. Hydration, evaporation, color and elasticity were recorded. The physico-chemical characterization suggests that the mechanical properties enable skin penetration and adequate drug delivery. Patients experienced the therapy as painless. According to the POSAS, all scars improved over time. However, the scars that were treated with CEDMN patches improved faster and with increased increment. The 800 µm CEDMN ensured the fastest POSAS-decrease. Hyaluronic acid-based CEDMN patches are valuable alternatives to intracicatrical injections, as they offer a painless and effective method for administering corticosteroids in HTS.