The geometric bone model of patients is an important basis for individualized biomechanical modeling and analysis, formulation of surgical planning, design of surgical guide plate, and customization of artificial joint. In this study, a rapid three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction method based on statistical shape model was proposed for femur. Combined with the patient plain X-ray film data, rapid 3D modeling of individualized patient femur geometry was realized. The average error of 3D reconstruction was 1.597-1.842 mm, and the root mean square error was 1.453-2.341 mm. The average errors of femoral head diameter, cervical shaft angle, offset distance and anteversion angle of the reconstructed model were 0.597 mm, 1.163°, 1.389 mm and 1.354°, respectively. Compared with traditional modeling methods, the new method could achieve rapid 3D reconstruction of femur more accurately in a shorter time. This paper provides a new technology for rapid 3D modeling of bone geometry, which is helpful to promote rapid biomechanical analysis for patients, and provides a new idea for the selection of orthopedic implants and the rapid research and development of customized implants.
患者的骨几何模型是个体化生物力学建模与分析、手术规划方案制定、手术导板设计、人工关节定制的重要基础。本研究针对股骨提出一种基于统计形状模型的三维快速重建方法，结合患者X线平片数据，实现了个体化患者股骨几何的快速三维建模。模型三维重建的平均误差在1.597~1.842 mm之间，均方根误差在1.453~2.341 mm之间。重建模型的股骨头直径、颈干角、偏置距离和前倾角的平均误差分别为0.597 mm、1.163°、1.389 mm和1.354°。相比传统建模方法，新方法能够在更短时间内较为准确地实现股骨三维快速重建。本文为骨几何三维快速建模提供了新技术，有助于推动针对患者的快速生物力学分析，为骨科植入物的选择与定制植入物假体的快速研发提供新的思路。.
Keywords: Bone geometry; Rapid modeling; Statistical shape model; Three-dimensional reconstruction.