Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) refers to using the intestinal microorganisms present in the feces or processed feces from healthy people for treating various types of diseases, such as digestive and metabolic diseases. The rapid development of metagenomic and culturomic technologies in gut microbiome analysis provides powerful tools for the FMT research and its clinical applications. Metagenomics technologies comprehensively revealed the diversity and functions of gut microbiota under health and disease conditions, while culturomics technologies helped isolation and identification of "unculturable" bacteria in the human gut under conventional culture conditions. The combination of these two technologies not only enabled us better understand the FMT regularities of cause and effect in clinical practices, but also effectively promoted its applications. Considering the above advantages, this article summarized the applications of metagenomics and culturomics technologies in FMT and prospected its future development trend.
Keywords: culturomics; fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT); metagenomics; microbiome; probiotics.