In the current study, a sustainable approach was adopted for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles, green synthesis of copper nanoparticles, and the investigation of the phytochemical and biological screening of bark, leaves, and fruits of Ehretia acuminata (belongs to the family Boraginaceae). Subsequently, the prepared nanoparticles and extracted phytochemicals were loaded on cotton fibres. Surface morphology, size, and the presence of antimicrobial agents (phytochemicals and particles) were analysed by scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The functional groups and the presence of particles (copper and silver) were found by FTIR and XRD analyses. The coated cotton fibres were further investigated for antibacterial (qualitative and quantitative), antiviral, and antifungal analysis. The study revealed that the herb-encapsulated nanoparticles can be used in numerous applications in the field of medical textiles. Furthermore, the utility of hygienic and pathogenic developed cotton bandages was analysed for the comfort properties regarding air permeability and water vapour permeability. Finally, the durability of the coating was confirmed by measuring the antibacterial properties after severe washing.
Keywords: copper nanoparticles; cotton fibre bandages; phytochemicals; silver nanoparticles.