The aim of this study was to propose a novel 3D Enlow's counterpart analysis traced on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Eighteen CBCT images of skeletal Class I (ANB = 2° ± 2°) subjects (12 males and 6 females, aged from 9 to 19 years) with no history of previous orthodontic treatment were selected. For each subject, a 2D Enlow's counterpart analysis was performed on lateral cephalograms extracted from the CBCT images. The following structures were identified: mandibular ramus, middle cranial floor, maxillary skeletal arch, mandibular skeletal arch, maxillary dento-alveolar arch, mandibular dento-alveolar arch. The differences between each part and its relative counterpart obtained from the 2D analysis were than compared with those obtained from a 3D analysis traced on the CBCT images. A Student's t-test did not show any statistical significant difference between the 2D and 3D measurements. The landmarks proposed by this study identified the cranio-facial structures on the 3D images in a way that could be superimposed on those described by Enlow in his analysis performed on 2D lateral cephalograms.
Keywords: anthropometry; cephalometry; cone-beam computed tomography; dental diagnosis; orthodontics; radiography.