Major anthocyanins in elderberry effectively trap methylglyoxal and reduce cytotoxicity of methylglyoxal in HepG2 cell line

Sandrine S Ferreira; M Rosário Domingues; Cristina Barros; Sónia A O Santos; Armando J D Silvestre; Amélia M Silva; Fernando M Nunes

doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100468

Major anthocyanins in elderberry effectively trap methylglyoxal and reduce cytotoxicity of methylglyoxal in HepG2 cell line

Food Chem X. 2022 Oct 10:16:100468. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100468. eCollection 2022 Dec 30.

Authors

Sandrine S Ferreira^{1

2}, M Rosário Domingues^{3

4}, Cristina Barros³, Sónia A O Santos⁵, Armando J D Silvestre⁵, Amélia M Silva^{2

6}, Fernando M Nunes^{1

7}

Affiliations

¹ Chemistry Research Center - Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Lab., University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
² Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB-UTAD), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
³ Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
⁴ CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal.
⁵ CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
⁶ Department of Biology and Environment, UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
⁷ Department of Chemistry, UTAD, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.

Abstract

The accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in the body is implicated in numerous diseases, being methylglyoxal (MGO) one of the main precursors. One of the strategies to reduce AGEs accumulation might be acting in an early stage of glycation by trapping MGO. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate, for the first time, the potential of elderberries polyphenols to trap MGO, access the formation of MGO adducts, and evaluate the cytoprotection effect in HepG2 and Caco-2 cells. The results demonstrated that monoglycosylated anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-sambubioside) are very efficient in trapping MGO, forming mono- and di-adducts. Quercetin-3-glucoside and quercetin-3-rutinoside reacted slowly, while diglycosylated anthocyanins did not react. The trapping of MGO by elderberry monoglycosylated anthocyanins significantly decreased the MGO cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells (∼70 % of cell viability), while the effect in Caco-2 cells was lower (∼50 %). Thus, elderberry phenolics present antiglycation potential by trapping MGO.

Keywords: AGEs, advanced glycation end-products; Advanced glycation end-products; Anthocyanins; Anti-glycative; Caffeic acid (PubChem CID: 689043); Chlorogenic acid (PubChem CID: 1794427); Cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside (PubChem CID: 441688); Cyanidin-3-glucoside (PubChem CID: 441667); Cyanidin-3-sambubioside (PubChem CID: 6602304); Cyanidin-3-sambubioside-5-glucoside (PubChem CID: 74976933); Cytoprotection; Elderberries; HepG2 cells; MGO, methylglyoxal; Methylglyoxal; OPD, 1,2-phenlyenediamine dihydrochloride; Quercetin (PubChem CID: 5280343); Quercetin-3-glucoside (PubChem CID: 5280804); Quercetin-3-rutinoside (PubChem CID: 5280805).