Pharmacological treatment strategies of pterygium: Drugs, biologics, and novel natural products

Drug Discov Today. 2023 Jan;28(1):103416. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103416. Epub 2022 Oct 22.

Abstract

Pterygium is a fibrovascular tissue growth invading the cornea. Adjunctive treatment post-surgery includes conventional immunosuppressants as well as antiviral drugs. The use of large- and small-molecule antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents remains an integral part of pterygium treatment as well as other neovascular conditions of the eye. Naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds have favorable characteristics for treating neovascular and inflammatory eye conditions, including good efficacy, stability, cost-effectiveness, and the versatility of their chemical synthesis. In this review, we discuss pharmacological treatments of pterygium. Natural products, such curcumin, ellagic acid, and chalcones, are reviewed, with emphasis on their potential as future pterygium treatments.

Keywords: adjunctive therapy; anti-VEGF; antioxidant; chalcone; curcumin; natural products; pterygium.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biological Products* / metabolism
  • Biological Products* / pharmacology
  • Biological Products* / therapeutic use
  • Conjunctiva / metabolism
  • Cornea / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Pterygium* / drug therapy
  • Pterygium* / metabolism
  • Pterygium* / surgery

Substances

  • Biological Products

Supplementary concepts

  • Pterygium Of Conjunctiva And Cornea