Clinical features and management of snake bites in 70 dogs in Korea

J Vet Sci. 2022 Nov;23(6):e81. doi: 10.4142/jvs.22105. Epub 2022 Sep 8.

Abstract

Background: Snakebites remain a devastating and life-threatening environmental hazard. While the management of snakebites has been well described in humans, few clinical data and guidelines exist for dogs, especially in Korea.

Objectives: This retrospective study evaluated the clinical features of 70 dogs with snakebite wounds in Korea.

Methods: The medical records of 72 dogs that presented to three animal hospitals from June 2008 to July 2021 were reviewed; among these, 70 dogs that met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Their signalment, history, clinical signs, physical examination, blood analysis, treatment, and prognosis were also evaluated.

Results: Of 70 dog owners, 35 (50%) witnessed the bite, with a mean time between bite and hospital presentation of 9.7 ± 4.1 h in 58 dogs. Blood smears were evaluated in 45 dogs, of which 28 (62%) showed echinocytosis. Anemia and acute kidney injury were found in 21 (29%) and 2 dogs (3%), respectively. A total of 37 dogs (53%) were hospitalized, 5 (7%) of which died.

Conclusions: The most significant finding was the high prevalence of echinocytosis. The data from this retrospective study could inform the management of dogs bitten by snakes in Korea.

Keywords: Snakebites; antivenin; dogs; echinocytosis; mamushi.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antivenins
  • Dog Diseases* / diagnosis
  • Dog Diseases* / epidemiology
  • Dog Diseases* / therapy
  • Dogs
  • Humans
  • Prevalence
  • Republic of Korea / epidemiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Snake Bites* / epidemiology
  • Snake Bites* / therapy
  • Snake Bites* / veterinary
  • Snakes

Substances

  • Antivenins