Protected biofactors and antioxidants reduce the negative consequences of virus and cold challenge while enhancing performance by modulating immunometabolism through cytoskeletal and immune signaling in the jejunum

F Perry; L Lahaye; E Santin; C Johnson; D R Korver; M H Kogut; R J Arsenault

doi:10.1016/j.psj.2022.102172

Protected biofactors and antioxidants reduce the negative consequences of virus and cold challenge while enhancing performance by modulating immunometabolism through cytoskeletal and immune signaling in the jejunum

Poult Sci. 2022 Dec;101(12):102172. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102172. Epub 2022 Sep 9.

Authors

F Perry¹, L Lahaye², E Santin², C Johnson¹, D R Korver³, M H Kogut⁴, R J Arsenault⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, DE, USA.
² Jefo Nutrition Inc., Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
³ University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
⁴ USDA-ARS, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, College Station, TX, USA.
⁵ Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, DE, USA. Electronic address: rja@udel.edu.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and mechanism of action of 2 feed additives in reducing the impacts of virus and temperature stressors. We determined the effects of protected biofactors and antioxidants (P(BF+AOx)), and protected biofactors and antioxidants with protected organic acids and essential oils (P(BF+AOx)+P(OA+EO)) on the immune and metabolic health of Ross 308 broiler chickens. These biofactors and antioxidants were derived from vitamins, and Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae and Bacillus subtilis fermentation extracts. All Ross 308 chickens were exposed to a double-dose of live bronchitis vaccine at d 0 and environmentally challenged by reducing the temperature from 32°C to 20°C at d 3 for 48 h. Control birds were fed without feed additives in the diet. Performance data and jejunum samples were collected to evaluate the effects of these treatments on growth, cytokine expression, and protein phosphorylation via kinome peptide array. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis of the performance and gene expression data (p-value of 0.05), and PIIKA2 was used for statistical evaluation and comparison of the kinome peptide array data. The P(BF plus;AOx) and P(BF+AOx)+P(OA+EO) treatments significantly increased bird weight gain and decreased feed conversion. The kinome peptide array data analysis showed increased activity of cytoskeletal, cell growth and proliferation proteins, and metabolic signaling in the jejunum of P(BF+AOx)+P(OA+EO) treated chickens. There was a significant decrease in IL-6 gene expression in the jejunum of P(BF+AOx)+P(OA+EO) samples compared to control at d 15. P(BF+AOx)+P(OA+EO) treatments in the jejunum showed strong immunomodulatory effects, perhaps to control inflammation. P(BF+AOx)+P(OA+EO) improves gut health via growth and metabolic signaling in the jejunum while inducing stronger immunomodulation.

Keywords: cold stress; gut health; immunometabolism; kinome peptide array; protected biofactors and antioxidants.

MeSH terms

Animal Feed / analysis
Animals
Antioxidants* / metabolism
Chickens*
Diet / veterinary
Dietary Supplements
Jejunum
Weight Gain

Substances

Antioxidants