The involvement of family is an integral part of the recovery process, and the use of adaptive coping strategies has an important implication for treatment outcomes. Little research to date has examined the relationship between coping and family dynamics in substance users, although this may help to unravel the mechanism underlining the increased risk of relapse for individuals from critical family environment. The aim of the present research was to assess the association between the level of expressed emotion (LEE) (i.e., criticism), coping style, and psychological distress (i.e., anxiety, depression) in people with substance use disorder (SUD). Compared to control subjects, persons with SUD reported less use of rational coping and detached coping, and perceived greater criticism and irritability from family. A higher degree of family criticism and lack of emotional support was associated with greater use of emotional and avoidance coping in persons with SUD, while psychological distress was more related to rational and detached coping. The present study reveals the unique connection between family relationships, coping and psychological distress, implicating the need to address the influence of family relationships and stress on persons' coping in SUD treatment.
Keywords: coping; criticism; expressed emotion; stress; substance use.