Purpose: This study aimed to assess preoperative predictors of visual outcome after phacoemulsification cataract surgery in Jordan, a Middle Eastern country.
Methods: This was a retrospective longitudinal study of adult patients who underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery from January 2019 to July 2021. For each patient, we included only the first operated eye. We obtained pre-operative ocular history, cataract surgery complication risk based on a predesigned score, visual acuity, best correction, and best corrected visual acuity. We recorded intraoperative complications. We also obtained postoperative best corrected visual acuity and refractive error for correction after 1-3 months.
Results: A total of 1,370 patients were included in this study, with a mean age of 66.39 (± 9.48). 48.4% of patients achieved visual acuity ≥ 0.8, and 72.7% achieved visual acuity ≥ 0.5. The mean visual acuity improvement after phacoemulsification cataract surgery was 0.33 (95% CI 0.31-0.35). In the regression model, significant predictors that affected visual acuity improvement included the presence of diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and complication risk factors (i.e., high-risk surgery).
Conclusion: Predictors of visual acuity improvement vary between studies. This study was conducted in a developing country; we defined predictors of visual acuity improvement. We also provided a new preoperative phacoemulsification cataract surgery complication risk score.
Keywords: cataract; developing country; phacoemulsification; risk score; visual acuity.
Copyright © 2022 AlRyalat, Atieh, AlHabashneh, Hassouneh, Toukan, Alawamleh, Alshammari and Abu-Ameerh.