Epigenetic factors in breast cancer therapy

Runjhun Mathur; Niraj Kumar Jha; Gaurav Saini; Saurabh Kumar Jha; Sheo Prasad Shukla; Zita Filipejová; Kavindra Kumar Kesari; Danish Iqbal; Parma Nand; Vijay Jagdish Upadhye; Abhimanyu Kumar Jha; Shubhadeep Roychoudhury; Petr Slama

doi:10.3389/fgene.2022.886487

Epigenetic factors in breast cancer therapy

Front Genet. 2022 Sep 23:13:886487. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.886487. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Runjhun Mathur^{1

2}, Niraj Kumar Jha^{1

3

4}, Gaurav Saini⁵, Saurabh Kumar Jha^{1

4}, Sheo Prasad Shukla⁶, Zita Filipejová⁷, Kavindra Kumar Kesari⁸, Danish Iqbal^{9

10}, Parma Nand¹, Vijay Jagdish Upadhye¹¹, Abhimanyu Kumar Jha¹, Shubhadeep Roychoudhury¹², Petr Slama¹³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India.
² Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, India.
³ Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
⁴ Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
⁵ Department of Civil Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Delhi, India.
⁶ Department of Civil Engineering, Rajkiya Engineering College, Banda, India.
⁷ Small Animal Clinic, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czechia.
⁸ Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
⁹ Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁰ Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia.
¹¹ Center of Research for Development (CR4D), Parul Institute of Applied Sciences (PIAS), Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat.
¹² Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India.
¹³ Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology, and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia.

Abstract

Epigenetic modifications are inherited differences in cellular phenotypes, such as cell gene expression alterations, that occur during somatic cell divisions (also, in rare circumstances, in germ line transmission), but no alterations to the DNA sequence are involved. Histone alterations, polycomb/trithorax associated proteins, short non-coding or short RNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), & DNA methylation are just a few biological processes involved in epigenetic events. These various modifications are intricately linked. The transcriptional potential of genes is closely conditioned by epigenetic control, which is crucial in normal growth and development. Epigenetic mechanisms transmit genomic adaptation to an environment, resulting in a specific phenotype. The purpose of this systematic review is to glance at the roles of Estrogen signalling, polycomb/trithorax associated proteins, DNA methylation in breast cancer progression, as well as epigenetic mechanisms in breast cancer therapy, with an emphasis on functionality, regulatory factors, therapeutic value, and future challenges.

Keywords: breast; cancer; epigenetics; estrogen; therapy.

Publication types

Review