Mid upper arm circumference as screening tool of overweight or obesity among adult employees of Mizan Tepi University, Southwest Ethiopia

Rahel Dereje; Abel Girma; Abebaw Molla; Asnake Simieneh

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10793

Mid upper arm circumference as screening tool of overweight or obesity among adult employees of Mizan Tepi University, Southwest Ethiopia

Heliyon. 2022 Sep 28;8(10):e10793. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10793. eCollection 2022 Oct.

Authors

Rahel Dereje¹, Abel Girma¹, Abebaw Molla², Asnake Simieneh³

Affiliations

¹ School of Public Health, College of Health Science, Mizan-Tepi University, Ethiopia.
² Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Ethiopia.
³ Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Mizan Tepi University, Ethiopia.

Abstract

Background: Overweight or obesity is an excessive fat accumulation that impairs the health and wellbeing of the adult population throughout the world. Recently Mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) was suggested as a screening index for overweight or obesity among adolescents, but its utilization for the assessment of overweight or obesity in the adult population is not clear yet. In addition, little is known about the screening ability of MUAC for overweight or obesity in the adult population of Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the utility of MUAC for screening overweight or obesity among adult employees of Mizan Tepi University, Southwest Ethiopia.

Method: A Facility -based cross-sectional study was carried out from February 21 to March 20, 2020, at Mizan Tepi University. About 585 study participants were selected by gender-based stratified sampling technique. Anthropometric data like weight, height, and MUAC were collected. Pearson's correlation between MUAC, body mass index (BMI), and age was calculated to see a relationship between them. The Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was calculated to identify the screening ability of MUAC for overweight or obesity. The appropriate MUAC cutoff point for both men and women established using the Youden index. Additionally, sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values were calculated.

Result: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among the study participants was 18.1% and 4.8%, respectively. MUAC had a strong positive correlation with BMI, r = 0.65 (95% CI; 0.56-0.69). According to ROC analysis, MUAC is an excellent screening tool for male and female employees with excellent accuracy (AUC = 0.9 with 91.4% sensitivity and 76.4% specificity) and good accuracy (AUC = 0.83 with 67.2% sensitivity and 83.5% specificity), respectively. Based on the youden index, the cutoff point of MUAC to screen overweight or obesity among male and female employees was 26.91cm.

Conclusion: Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) has an equal ability with BMI to screen overweight or obesity among adults. Therefore, MUAC can be utilized as an alternative index to screen overweight and obesity in resource-limited setups.

Keywords: BMI; MUAC; Obesity; Overweight.