Non-invasive global myocardial work index as a new surrogate of ventricular-arterial coupling in hypertensive patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction

Qin Duan; Hongmei Tao; Qian Dong; Kangla Liao; Yunjing Yang; Xiaocheng Cheng; Ping Ge

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.958426

Non-invasive global myocardial work index as a new surrogate of ventricular-arterial coupling in hypertensive patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Sep 23:9:958426. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.958426. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Qin Duan¹, Hongmei Tao², Qian Dong², Kangla Liao², Yunjing Yang², Xiaocheng Cheng³, Ping Ge¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cardiology, The First Branch, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chognqing, China.
² Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
³ Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Abstract

Objective: As a new method of left ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC), the non-invasive myocardial work index (MWI) may provide more useful information than the classical methods of arterial elastance/left ventricular (LV) elastance index (the ratio of effective arterial elastance (Ea) over end-systolic elastance [Ea/Ees]). This research aims to investigate if MWI might be better associated with hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD) and diastolic dysfunction than Ea/Ees in hypertension.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 104 hypertensives and 69 normotensives. All subjects had speckle-tracking echocardiography for myocardial work, conventional echocardiography, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) measurements. The global work index (GWI) is a myocardial work component. The correlation between GWI and HMOD, as well as diastolic dysfunction, was analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized for evaluating the GWI predicting efficacy.

Results: The global work index was significantly higher in hypertensives than in normotensives (2,021.69 ± 348.02 vs. 1,757.45 ± 225.86 mmHg%, respectively, p < 0.001). Higher GWI was a risk factor on its own for increased baPWV, pulse pressure (PP), echocardiographic LV hypertrophy (LVH), and left atrial volume index (LAVI) (p = 0.030, p < 0.001, p = 0.018 p = 0.031, respectively), taking into account the sex, age, mean arterial pressure (MAP), body mass index (BMI), and antihypertensive therapy. However, no considerable associations were found between Ea/Ees and HMOD parameters and the diastolic dysfunction markers. The GWI area under the ROC curve for increased PP and baPWV, echocardiographic LVH, and increased LAVI were 0.799, 0.770, 0.674, and 0.679, respectively (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: The global work index but not traditionally echocardiographic-derived Ea/Ees of VAC is independently related to HMOD and diastolic impairment in hypertensives with preserved LV ejection fraction. The GWI may be a potential marker for evaluating the VAC in hypertension.

Keywords: arterial hypertension; hypertension mediated organ damage; left ventricular performance; myocardial work; ventricular-arterial coupling.