Association Between Device Type and Type IIIb Endoleaks Following Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair

E Hope Weissler; Bradley G Hammill; Jenna L Armstrong; Andrew M Vekstein; Parth Chodavadia; Chandler A Long; Matthew Roe; G Chad Hughes

doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2022.10.005

Association Between Device Type and Type IIIb Endoleaks Following Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair

Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2023 Jan;65(1):112-119. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2022.10.005. Epub 2022 Oct 6.

Authors

E Hope Weissler¹, Bradley G Hammill², Jenna L Armstrong³, Andrew M Vekstein³, Parth Chodavadia³, Chandler A Long¹, Matthew Roe⁴, G Chad Hughes⁵

Affiliations

¹ Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
² Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
³ Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
⁴ Verana Health, San Francisco, CA, USA.
⁵ Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. Electronic address: gchad.hughes@duke.edu.

PMID: 36209962
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2022.10.005

Abstract

Objective: Endoleaks following thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) can lead to the need for re-intervention and aortic rupture. Given the recent recall of a specific thoracic stent graft type due to concerns about type IIIb endoleak (T3bE), in which blood leaks through the stent graft fabric, the aim was to characterise patterns of T3bEs among available TEVAR devices.

Methods: Reports related to thoracic stent grafts in the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database between 2010 and 2020 were reviewed. Proportional reporting ratios (PRRs) and chi squared tests were used to assess for the presence of a signal of association between device type and T3bE. A PRR > 2 and chi squared value > 4 with three or more reports overall constituted a signal of association. The institutional database of patients undergoing TEVAR for thoracic aneurysms since 2002 was also queried for T3bE.

Results: There were 7 328 MAUDE reports available for analysis. When analysing T3bEs in the MAUDE database, the lowest PRR was 0.36 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0 - 1.03 in Gore CTAG, nine T3bE among 1 328 reports) and the highest was 2.07 (95% CI 1.72 - 2.42 in Medtronic Valiant, 64 T3bE among 2 520 reports). The T3bE chi squared value for Medtronic Valiant was 17.3. The relationship between Medtronic Valiant and T3bE was ascertainable by MAUDE data as early as 2013. Among 542 TEVARs for an aneurysm indication at Duke University Hospital since 2002, there were eight T3bEs - all in devices with sutured on graft material.

Conclusion: The Medtronic Valiant device met criteria for association with type IIIb endoleaks in the FDA's MAUDE database and met those criteria as early as 2013. A possible relationship between woven graft fabric and T3bEs is supported by the observation that all types of T3bE that occurred among a large number of TEVARs at the institution followed placement of grafts with sutured on woven fabric.

Keywords: Aortic aneurysm; Aortic surgery; Endoleak; Stent graft; TEVAR.

MeSH terms

Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic* / surgery
Blood Vessel Prosthesis / adverse effects
Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation* / adverse effects
Endoleak / etiology
Endoleak / surgery
Endovascular Aneurysm Repair
Endovascular Procedures* / adverse effects
Humans
Prosthesis Design
Retrospective Studies
Stents
Treatment Outcome