Pharmaceuticals, natural and synthetic hormones and phenols in sediments from an eutrophic estuary, Jurujuba Sound, Guanabara Bay, Brazil

Mar Pollut Bull. 2022 Nov:184:114176. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114176. Epub 2022 Oct 4.

Abstract

A screening for microcontaminants performed by gas chromatography detected several microcontaminants in 12 sediment samples from the eutrophic estuary Guanabara Bay (GB) in southeastern Brazil. Bisphenol A (BPA) ranged from 1.4 to 20.3 ng g-1, 4-octylphenol, from <limit of detection (LD) to 0.9 ng g-1, 4-nonylphenol, from <LD to 3 ng g-1, gemfibrozil, from <LD to 1.4 ng g-1, naproxen, from <LD to 15.5 ng g-1m Ibuprofen, from <LD ng g-1 and diclofenac, from <LD to 0.9 ng g-1. Among estrogens, estrone, estradiol, ethinylestradiol and estriol were detected, ranging, respectively from <LD to 5.7 ng g-1, <LD to 18.1 ng g-1, <LD to 22.9 ng g-1 and <LD to 0.5 ng g-1. A strong and positive correlation between 4-nonylphenol and estrone and a moderate and positive correlation between bisphenol A and estradiol were noted. These findings demonstrating high levels of the detected microcontaminants in all analyzed samples, indicating chronic GB pollution.

Keywords: Emerging contaminants; Endocrine disruptors; Sediment; Tropical bay.

MeSH terms

  • Bays
  • Brazil
  • Diclofenac / analysis
  • Endocrine Disruptors* / analysis
  • Environmental Monitoring
  • Estradiol / analysis
  • Estriol / analysis
  • Estrogens / analysis
  • Estrone / analysis
  • Estuaries
  • Gemfibrozil / analysis
  • Ibuprofen / analysis
  • Naproxen
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations
  • Phenols / analysis
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical* / analysis

Substances

  • bisphenol A
  • 4-nonylphenol
  • Endocrine Disruptors
  • Estrone
  • Diclofenac
  • Ibuprofen
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Gemfibrozil
  • Naproxen
  • Phenols
  • Estrogens
  • Estradiol
  • Estriol
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations