Magnitude of impaired fasting glucose and undiagnosed diabetic mellitus and associated risk factors among adults living in Woreta town, northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study, 2021

Assefa Agegnehu Teshome; Shegaw Zeleke Baih; Amare Kassaw Wolie; Misganaw Asmamaw Mengstie; Zelalem Tilahun Muche; Shambel Nigussie Amare; Mohammed Abdu Seid; Getachew Yideg Yitbark; Yalew Melkamu Molla; Nega Dagnaw Baye; Gashaw Walle Ayehu

doi:10.1186/s12902-022-01156-7

Magnitude of impaired fasting glucose and undiagnosed diabetic mellitus and associated risk factors among adults living in Woreta town, northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study, 2021

BMC Endocr Disord. 2022 Oct 5;22(1):243. doi: 10.1186/s12902-022-01156-7.

Affiliations

¹ Department of biomedical science, college of health science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, P.O. Box 272, Ethiopia. assefaagegnehu7@gmail.com.
² Department of adult health nursing, college of health science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
³ Department of pediatrics and child health nursing, college of health science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
⁴ Department of biomedical science, college of health science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, P.O. Box 272, Ethiopia.
⁵ Department of clinical pharmacy, school of pharmacy, college of health and medical science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
⁶ Department of pediatrics and child health, college of medicine and health science, university of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.

Abstract

Background: Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is an early warning system that provides prior information to prevent the future development of DM and diabetes-related problems, but early detection of DM is not practically applicable in Ethiopia. This study was aimed to assess the magnitude of impaired fasting glucose and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) and associated factors.

Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 30, 2021. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Anthropometric measurements were also recorded. A fasting blood sugar (FBS) test was assessed by samples taken early in the morning. Epi-Info 7.2.5.0 was used to enter data, which was then exported to SPSS 25 for analysis. To identify factors associated with IFG, logistics regression was used. The level of statistical significance was declared at p 0.05.

Result: Three hundred and twenty-four (324) participants with a mean age of 43.76 ± 17.29 years were enrolled. The overall magnitude of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) were 43.2% and 10.0%, respectively. Waist circumference (AOR: 1.72, 95% CI 1.23-3.14), hypertension (AOR: 3.48, 95% CI 1.35-8.89), family history of Diabetic mellitus (AOR: 2.34, 95% CI 1.37-5.79) and hypertriglyceridemia (AOR: 2.35, 95% CI 1.41-5.43) were found to be independently associated with impaired fasting glucose.

Conclusion: Individuals who are overweight, hypertriglyceridemia, and are hypertensive should have regular checkups and community-based screening.

Keywords: Ethiopia; Impaired fasting glucose; Risk factors; Undiagnosed diabetic mellitus.

MeSH terms

Adult
Blood Glucose / analysis
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes Mellitus* / diagnosis
Diabetes Mellitus* / epidemiology
Ethiopia / epidemiology
Fasting
Humans
Hypertension*
Hypertriglyceridemia*
Middle Aged
Prediabetic State* / diagnosis
Prediabetic State* / epidemiology
Risk Factors

Substances

Blood Glucose