Aptamer engineering exosomes loaded on biomimetic periosteum to promote angiogenesis and bone regeneration by targeting injured nerves via JNK3 MAPK pathway

Yanlin Su; Qing Gao; Rongli Deng; Lian Zeng; Jingyi Guo; Bing Ye; Jialin Yu; Xiaodong Guo

doi:10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100434

Aptamer engineering exosomes loaded on biomimetic periosteum to promote angiogenesis and bone regeneration by targeting injured nerves via JNK3 MAPK pathway

Mater Today Bio. 2022 Sep 20:16:100434. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100434. eCollection 2022 Dec.

Authors

Yanlin Su¹, Qing Gao¹, Rongli Deng², Lian Zeng¹, Jingyi Guo³, Bing Ye¹, Jialin Yu⁴, Xiaodong Guo¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China.
² PCFM Lab, School of Chemistry and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China.
³ College of Arts and Science of Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei 430022, China.
⁴ The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 430022, China.

Abstract

Repairing critical bone defects is a complex problem in the clinic. The periosteum rich in nerve plays a vital role in initiating and regulating bone regeneration. However, current studies have paid little attention to repairing nerves in the periosteum to promote bone regeneration. Thus, it is essential to construct bionic periosteum with the targeted injured nerves in the periosteum. We coupled phosphatidylserine (PS) targeted aptamers with repair Schwann cell exosomes to construct exosome@aptamer (EA). Then through PEI, EA was successfully built on the surface of the electrospun fiber, which was PCL@PEI@exosome@aptamer (PPEA). Through SEM, TEM, and other technologies, PPEA was characterized. Experiments prove in vivo and in vitro that it has an excellent repair effect on damaged nerves and regeneration of vascular and bones. In vivo, we confirmed that biomimetic periosteum has an apparent ability to promote nerve and bone regeneration by using Microcomputer tomography, hematoxylin-eosin, Masson, and Immunofluorescence. In vitro, we used Immunofluorescence, Real-Time Quantitative PCR, Alkaline phosphatase staining, and other tests to confirm that it has central nerve, blood vessel, and bone regeneration ability. The PPEA biomimetic periosteum has apparent neurogenic, angiogenic, and osteogenic effects. The PPEA biomimetic periosteum will provide a promising method for treating bone defects.

Keywords: Aptamer; Bone regeneration; Electrospinning; Engineering exosomes; Nerve regeneration; Repaired schwann cells.