Morphogenetic dispositions for variability in acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: Pilot study

Radmila Karan; Natasa Kovačević-Kostić; Bratislav Kirćanski; Jelena Čumić; Duško Terzić; Vladimir Milićević; Vojislav Velinović; Miloš Velinović; Biljana Obrenović-Kirćanski

doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.943254

Morphogenetic dispositions for variability in acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: Pilot study

Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Sep 16:9:943254. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.943254. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Radmila Karan^{1

2}, Natasa Kovačević-Kostić^{1

2}, Bratislav Kirćanski^{1

3}, Jelena Čumić^{1

2}, Duško Terzić^{1

4}, Vladimir Milićević⁵, Vojislav Velinović⁶, Miloš Velinović^{1

5}, Biljana Obrenović-Kirćanski^{1

6}

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
² Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care at Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
³ Pacemaker Center, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
⁴ Department for Transplantation and LVAD at Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
⁵ Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
⁶ Clinic for Cardiology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.

Abstract

Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the degree of genetic homozygosity in cardiac surgical patients with postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI), compared to the subgroup without postoperative AKI, as well as to evaluate antropomorpho-genetic variability in cardiac surgical patients with regard to the presence and severity degree of AKI.

Materials and methods: The prospective cohort study included an analysis of 138 eligible coronary artery disease (CAD) surgical patients that were screened consecutively. The tested group was divided into three subgroups according to RIFLE criteria: Subgroup NoAKI (N = 91), risk (N = 31), and injury (N = 16). All individuals were evaluated for the presence of 19 observable recessive human traits (ORHT) as a marker of chromosomal homozygosity and variability.

Results: Comparing subgroups NoAKI and risk, four ORHTs were significantly more frequent in the risk subgroup. Comparing subgroups NoAKI and injury, nine ORHTs were significantly more frequent in the injury subgroup; while comparing the injury subgroup and risk, five ORHTs were significantly more frequent in injury than in the risk subgroup. Results also showed a significant increase in the mean value of ORHTs for the injury subgroup compared to NoAKI subgroup (p = 0.039). Variability decreased proportionally to the increase in the severity of AKI (V _NoAKI = 32.81%, V _Risk = 30.92%, and V _Injury = 28.62%).

Conclusion: Our findings pointed to the higher degree of recessive homozygosity and decreased variability in AKI patients vs. NoAKI individuals, thus presumably facilitating the development and severity degree expression of AKI in patients after cardiac surgery.

Keywords: acute kidney injury; cardiac surgery; coronary artery disease; observable recessive human traits; variability.