Short-term neurodevelopment and growth outcomes of very and moderate preterm Indian infants

Abstract

Objective: To study the growth and neurodevelopmental outcome of very and moderate preterm infants (VMPT) compared to term appropriate-for-age (term AGA) infants at 18-months corrected age.

Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled consecutively born 212 VMPT infants and 250 term AGA controls delivered during study period.

Outcome measures: Major neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) defined as any one of cerebral palsy, motor (MoDQ) or mental developmental quotient (MoDQ) <70 on Developmental Assessment Scale for Indian infants, visual or hearing impairment, or epilepsy, and growth outcomes.

Results: Among 195 VMPT and 240 term AGA infants who completed follow-up, the frequency of major NDI was 12.8% and 2.5% respectively (RR 5.1; 95% CI [2.13-12.19]). Major NDI was higher among infants <28 weeks gestation (39%) and birthweight <1000 grams (27%). A quarter of VMPT infants exhibited wasting and 18% stunting than 7% each among controls.

Conclusion: VMPT infants had a higher frequency of major NDI and growth failure at 18-months.