Development of a thermostable SARS-CoV-2 variant-based bivalent protein vaccine with cross-neutralizing potency against Omicron subvariants

Virology. 2022 Nov:576:61-68. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2022.09.003. Epub 2022 Sep 20.

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 variants have posed significant challenges to the hopes of using ancestral strain-based vaccines to address the risk of breakthrough infection by variants. We designed and developed a bivalent vaccine based on SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Beta variants (named SCTV01C). SCTV01C antigens were stable at 25 oC for at least 6 months. In the presence of a squalene-based oil-in-water adjuvant SCT-VA02B, SCTV01C showed significant protection efficacy against antigen-matched Beta variant, with favorable safety profiles in rodents. Notably, SCTV01C exhibited cross-neutralization capacity against Omicron subvariants (BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.3, and BA.4/5) in mice, superior to a WT (D614G)-based vaccine, which reinforced our previously published findings that SCTV01C exhibited broad-spectrum neutralizing potencies against over a dozen pre-Omicron variants and the Omicron BA.1 variant. In summary, variant-based multivalent protein vaccine could be a platform approach to address the challenging issues of emerging variants, vaccine hesitancy and the needs of affordable and thermal stable vaccines.

Keywords: Cross-neutralization; Multivalent protein vaccine; Omicron subvariants; SARS-CoV-2 variant; Thermal stability.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • COVID-19* / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • SARS-CoV-2 / genetics
  • Squalene
  • Vaccines, Combined
  • Viral Vaccines* / genetics
  • Water

Substances

  • Vaccines, Combined
  • Viral Vaccines
  • SCTV01C vaccine
  • Squalene
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Water
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing

Supplementary concepts

  • SARS-CoV-2 variants