Novel family of nitrogen-rich energetic (1,2,4-triazolyl) furoxan salts with balanced performance

Alexander A Larin; Alla N Pivkina; Ivan V Ananyev; Dmitry V Khakimov; Leonid L Fershtat

doi:10.3389/fchem.2022.1012605

Novel family of nitrogen-rich energetic (1,2,4-triazolyl) furoxan salts with balanced performance

Front Chem. 2022 Sep 12:10:1012605. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1012605. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Alexander A Larin^{1

2}, Alla N Pivkina³, Ivan V Ananyev^{4

5}, Dmitry V Khakimov¹, Leonid L Fershtat¹

Affiliations

¹ N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
² Department of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
³ N.N. Semenov Federal Research Centre for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
⁴ N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
⁵ A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

Abstract

Nitrogen-rich energetic materials comprised of a combination of several heterocyclic subunits retain their leading position in the field of materials science. In this regard, a preparation of novel high-energy materials with balanced set of physicochemical properties is highly desired. Herein, we report the synthesis of a new series of energetic salts incorporating a (1,2,4-triazolyl) furoxan core and complete evaluation of their energetic properties. All target energetic materials were well characterized with IR and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis, while compound 6 was further characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. Prepared nitrogen-rich salts have high thermal stability (up to 232°C), good experimental densities (up to 1.80 g cm^-3) and high positive enthalpies of formation (344-1,095 kJ mol^-1). As a result, synthesized energetic salts have good detonation performance (D = 7.0-8.4 km s^-1; p = 22-32 GPa), while their sensitivities to impact and friction are quite low.

Keywords: 1,2,4-triazoIe; energetic material; energetic salts; furoxan; nitrogen heterocycle.