A 20-year experience in cardiac tumors: a single center surgical experience and a review of literature

J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2022 Nov 1;23(11):722-727. doi: 10.2459/JCM.0000000000001375. Epub 2022 Aug 31.

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiac tumors are rare and heterogeneous entities which still remain a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The treatment for most cardiac tumors is prompt surgical resection. We sought to provide an overview of surgical results from a series of consecutive patients treated at our tertiary care center during almost a 20-year experience.

Methods and results: In this single center study, 55 consecutive patients with diagnosis of cardiac tumor underwent surgical treatment from January 2002 to April 2021. Of these, 23 (42%) were male and the mean age was 62 ± 12 years. Fifteen (27%) patients were symptomatic at the time of the diagnosis, mostly for dyspnea and palpitations. The most frequent benign cardiac tumor was myxoma (32; 58%), occurring mainly in the left atrium (31; 97%). Pleomorphic sarcoma was the most frequent primary malignant cardiac tumor (4; 7%), mainly located in the ventricles (1; 25% in the left ventricle; 2; 50% in the right ventricle). In all cases of benign tumors surgery was successful with no relapses. Two (50%) pleomorphic sarcomas showed subsequent relapses. After a median follow-up of 44 months, 15 (27%) patients died. Although malignant tumors presented a limited survival, benign tumors showed a very good prognosis.

Conclusion: Cardiac tumors require a multidisciplinary approach to guarantee a prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. In our surgical experience, outcome after surgery of benign tumors was excellent, while malignant tumors had poor prognosis despite radical surgery.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Female
  • Heart Atria / pathology
  • Heart Neoplasms* / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myxoma* / pathology
  • Myxoma* / surgery
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sarcoma* / pathology
  • Sarcoma* / surgery