Development of variant-proof severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, pan-sarbecovirus, and pan-β-coronavirus vaccines

Jie Zhou; Zezhong Liu; Guangxu Zhang; Wei Xu; Lixiao Xing; Lu Lu; Qian Wang; Shibo Jiang

doi:10.1002/jmv.28172

Development of variant-proof severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, pan-sarbecovirus, and pan-β-coronavirus vaccines

J Med Virol. 2023 Jan;95(1):e28172. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28172. Epub 2022 Oct 6.

Authors

Jie Zhou¹, Zezhong Liu^{1

2}, Guangxu Zhang¹, Wei Xu¹, Lixiao Xing¹, Lu Lu¹, Qian Wang¹, Shibo Jiang¹

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
² Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants with high transmission rates and striking immune evasion have posed a serious challenge to the application of current first-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Other sarbecoviruses, such as SARS-CoV and SARS-related coronaviruses (SARSr-CoVs), have the potential to cause outbreaks in the future. These facts call for the development of variant-proof SARS-CoV-2, pan-sarbecovirus or pan-β-CoV vaccines. Several novel vaccine platforms have been used to develop vaccines with broad-spectrum neutralizing antibody responses and protective immunity to combat the current SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, other sarbecoviruses, as well as other β-CoVs, in the future. In this review, we discussed the major target antigens and protective efficacy of current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and summarized recent advances in broad-spectrum vaccines against sarbecoviruses and β-CoVs.

Keywords: COVID-19; RBD; SARS-CoV-2; pan-sarbecovirus; pan-β-coronavirus; vaccines.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

COVID-19 Vaccines
COVID-19* / prevention & control
Humans
SARS-CoV-2 / genetics
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus*
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus

Substances

COVID-19 Vaccines
Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus
spike protein, SARS-CoV-2