Combined resistance and aerobic training improves lung function and mechanics and fibrotic biomarkers in overweight and obese women

Anamei Silva-Reis; Maysa Alves Rodrigues Brandao-Rangel; Renilson Moraes-Ferreira; Thiago Gibson Gonçalves-Alves; Victor Hugo Souza-Palmeira; Helida Cristina Aquino-Santos; Andre Luis Lacerda Bachi; Luis Vicente Franco de Oliveira; Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins; Iranse Oliveira-Silva; Regiane Albertini; Claudio Ricardo Frison; Rodolfo P Vieira

doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.946402

Combined resistance and aerobic training improves lung function and mechanics and fibrotic biomarkers in overweight and obese women

Front Physiol. 2022 Sep 7:13:946402. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.946402. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Anamei Silva-Reis¹, Maysa Alves Rodrigues Brandao-Rangel¹, Renilson Moraes-Ferreira¹, Thiago Gibson Gonçalves-Alves¹, Victor Hugo Souza-Palmeira¹, Helida Cristina Aquino-Santos¹, Andre Luis Lacerda Bachi², Luis Vicente Franco de Oliveira³, Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins³, Iranse Oliveira-Silva³, Regiane Albertini¹, Claudio Ricardo Frison¹, Rodolfo P Vieira^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ Post-graduation Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
² Post-graduation Program in Health Science, University of Santo Amaro, São Paulo, Brazil.
³ Post-graduation Program in Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Centro Universitário UniEvangélica, Anápolis, Brazil.

Abstract

Background: Obesity impairs lung function and mechanics and leads to low-grade inflammation, but the effects of combined physical exercise (CPE) on that are unknown. Methods: We investigated the effects of 12 weeks of combined physical exercise (aerobic + resistance training), in non-obese (n = 12), overweight (n = 17), and obese grade I (n = 11) women. Lung function and lung mechanics were evaluated. The systemic immune response was evaluated by whole blood analysis and biomarker measurements, while pulmonary fibrotic biomarkers were evaluated in the breath condensate. Result: CPE improved forced vital capacity (FVC) % (p < 0.001) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) % (p < 0.0003) in the obese group; resistance of the respiratory system (R5Hz) in non-obese (p < 0.0099), overweight (p < 0.0005), and obese (p < 0.0001) groups; resistance of proximal airways (R20Hz) in non-obese (p < 0.01), overweight (p < 0.0009), and obese (p < 0.0001) groups; resistance of distal airways (R5Hz-R20Hz) in non-obese (p < 0.01), overweight (p < 0.0012), and obese (p < 0.0001) groups; reactance of the respiratory system (X5Hz) in non-obese (p < 0.01), overweight (p < 0.0006), and obese (p < 0.0005) groups; impedance of the respiratory system (Z5Hz) in non-obese (p < 0.0099), overweight (p < 0.0005), and obese (p < 0.0001) groups; central resistance (RCentral) in non-obese (p < 0.01), overweight (p < 0.001), and obese (p < 0.0003) groups; and the peripheral resistance (RPeripheral) in non-obese (p < 0.03), overweight (p < 0.001), and obese (p < 0.0002) groups. CPE reduced the pro-fibrotic IGF-1 levels in BC in overweight (p < 0.0094) and obese groups (p < 0.0001) and increased anti-fibrotic Klotho levels in BC in obese (p < 0.0001) groups, and reduced levels of exhaled nitric oxide in overweight (p < 0.03) and obese (p < 0.0001) groups. Conclusion: CPE improves lung function, mechanics, and pulmonary immune response in overweight and obese grade I women by increasing anti-fibrotic protein Klotho and reducing pro-fibrotic IGF-1.

Keywords: exercise immunology; lung; obesity; overweight; physical training; pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis.