Newborn screening for Fabry disease in Oregon: Approaching the iceberg of A143T and variants of uncertain significance

Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2022 Jun;190(2):206-214. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31998. Epub 2022 Sep 26.

Abstract

Fabry disease newborn screening (NBS) has been ongoing in Oregon for over 41 months by first-tier enzyme quantitation and second-tier DNA testing. During that period the majority of abnormal referrals received (34/60) were for the presence of the controversial c.427G > A (p.Ala143Thr) aka A143T and the majority of non-A143T referrals were for other variants of uncertain significance (17/60) resulting in at least 32 infants with an inconclusive case outcome even after clinical evaluation and/or diagnostic testing. To date there has been no significant family history or onset of symptoms in individuals with an inconclusive outcome. Based on our experience, we have developed a framework for approaching A143T and other variants of uncertain clinical significance in an attempt to balance sensitivity with the unnecessary medicalization of healthy infants.

Keywords: Fabry disease; lysosomal storage disorders; newborn screening.

MeSH terms

  • Fabry Disease* / diagnosis
  • Fabry Disease* / epidemiology
  • Fabry Disease* / genetics
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Neonatal Screening / methods
  • Oregon / epidemiology