Valorization of spent mushroom substrate for low-carbon biofuel production: Recent advances and developments

Yoong Kit Leong; Sunita Varjani; Duu-Jong Lee; Jo-Shu Chang

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128012

Valorization of spent mushroom substrate for low-carbon biofuel production: Recent advances and developments

Bioresour Technol. 2022 Nov:363:128012. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128012. Epub 2022 Sep 22.

Authors

Yoong Kit Leong¹, Sunita Varjani², Duu-Jong Lee³, Jo-Shu Chang⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan.
² Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar - 382 010, Gujarat, India.
³ Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tang, Hong Kong.
⁴ Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li 32003, Taiwan. Electronic address: changjs@mail.ncku.edu.tw.

PMID: 36155811
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128012

Abstract

Due to the nutritional values and functional bioactivities of mushrooms, the global market value of the edible mushroom industry has been growing steadily. However, the production of 1 kg of fresh mushroom generates about 5 kg of wet byproducts (known as spent mushroom substrate; SMS). This necessitates proper waste management to mitigate potential environmental threats. Embracing the "waste-to-fuel" concept, SMS as lignocellulosic waste can serve as cheap and abundant feedstock for the production of a variety of biofuels, including biogas, biohydrogen, bioethanol, bio-oil, and solid-biofuels. Mushroom cultivation serves as efficient biological pretreatment for biofuel production, promoting biofuel yield and improving the overall economy. Therefore, integrated mushroom cultivation and biofuel production can simultaneously satisfy the rapidly rising food and energy demand. The article systematically reviewed the recycling and re-utilization of SMS in sustainable biofuel production, discussing the possible challenges and proposing future directions for the green development of the mushroom industry.

Keywords: Bioethanol; Biofuel; Biogas; Biohydrogen; Circular economy; Spent mushroom substrate.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Agaricales*
Biofuels
Carbon
Waste Management*

Substances

Biofuels
Carbon