Exosomes in bone remodeling and breast cancer bone metastasis

Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2022 Nov:175:120-130. doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.09.008. Epub 2022 Sep 22.

Abstract

Exosomes are endosome-derived microvesicles that carry cell-specific biological cargo, such as proteins, lipids, and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). They play a key role in bone remodeling by enabling the maintenance of a balance between osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. Recent evidence indicates that exosomes disrupt bone remodeling that occurs during breast cancer (BC) progression. The bone is a preferred site for BC metastasis owing to its abundant osseous reserves. In this review, we aimed to highlight the roles of exosomes derived from bone cells and breast tumor in bone remodeling and BC bone metastasis (BCBM). We also briefly outline the mechanisms of action of ncRNAs and proteins carried by exosomes secreted by bone and BCBM. Furthermore, this review highlights the potential of utilizing exosomes as biomarkers or delivery vehicles for the diagnosis and treatment of BCBM.

Keywords: Bone remodeling; Breast cancer; Exosome; Metastasis; Osteoblast; Osteoclast.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Bone Neoplasms / secondary
  • Bone Remodeling
  • Breast Neoplasms*
  • Cell Communication
  • Exosomes* / metabolism
  • Exosomes* / pathology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Osteoclasts / pathology
  • RNA, Untranslated

Substances

  • RNA, Untranslated