Background: Problematic nails and toenails are infected by germs and increasingly have many causes.
Aims: To investigate the types and treatment of problematic nails and toenails, we focused on bacteria that may appear in problematic nail toenail symptoms.
Methods: We have searched for PubMed and Google Scholar and correlated the words Onychomycosis, Tinea ungium, Melanonychia, and ingrown toenail related to symptoms.
Results: To measure onychomycosis, KOH tests and fungal culture tests will be used. Treatment can be treated with full-body treatment using anti-fungal agents and local treatment (laser therapy) that can minimize the side effects. A biopsy should be performed when Melanonychia is diagnosed with brown or black pigments on the patient's fingernail plate. Moreover, ingrown toenail surgical treatment can be improved by acquired lifestyle.
Conclusions: There are many different types of treatments, but many studies show that problematic nail and toenail improvement periods are long and treatment success rates are low.
Keywords: Tinea ungium; Melanonychia; onychomycosis; problematic fingernails; toenails.
© 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.