Etiology and Pathophysiology of Hypoparathyroidism: A Narrative Review

Janice L Pasieka; Kelly Wentworth; Caitlin T Yeo; Serge Cremers; David Dempster; Seiji Fukumoto; Ravinder Goswami; Pascal Houillier; Michael A Levine; Jesse D Pasternak; Nancy D Perrier; Antonio Sitges-Serra; Dolores M Shoback

doi:10.1002/jbmr.4714

Etiology and Pathophysiology of Hypoparathyroidism: A Narrative Review

J Bone Miner Res. 2022 Dec;37(12):2586-2601. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.4714. Epub 2022 Nov 23.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Clinical Professor of Surgery and Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
² Assistant Adjunct Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA.
³ Clinical Lecturer of Surgery and Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
⁴ Associate Professor of Pathology and Cell Biology and Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
⁵ Professor of Clinical Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
⁶ Specially Appointed Professor, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
⁷ Professor, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
⁸ Département de Physiologie, Professor of Physiology, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
⁹ Professor Emeritus of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Director, Center for Bone Health, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
¹⁰ Endocrine Surgery Section Head, Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
¹¹ Professor of Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Surgical Oncology, Section of Surgical Endocrinology, Houston, TX, USA.
¹² Emeritus Professor, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Endocrine Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
¹³ Professor of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Endocrine Research Unit, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Abstract

The approach utilized a systematic review of the medical literature executed with specifically designed criteria that focused on the etiologies and pathogenesis of hypoparathyroidism. Enhanced attention by endocrine surgeons to new knowledge about parathyroid gland viability are reviewed along with the role of intraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) monitoring during and after neck surgery. Nonsurgical etiologies account for a significant proportion of cases of hypoparathyroidism (~25%), and among them, genetic etiologies are key. Given the pervasive nature of PTH deficiency across multiple organ systems, a detailed review of the skeletal, renal, neuromuscular, and ocular complications is provided. The burden of illness on affected patients and their caregivers contributes to reduced quality of life and social costs for this chronic endocrinopathy. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).

Keywords: CELL/TISSUE SIGNALING; DISORDERS OF CALCIUM/PHOSPHATE METABOLISM; ENDOCRINE PATHWAYS; HORMONE REPLACEMENT/RECEPTOR MODULATORS; PARATHYROID-RELATED DISORDERS; PTH/VIT D/FGF23; THERAPEUTICS.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Systematic Review

MeSH terms

Humans
Hypoparathyroidism* / etiology
Hypoparathyroidism* / physiopathology
Parathyroid Glands / pathology
Parathyroid Glands / surgery
Parathyroid Hormone / chemistry
Parathyroid Hormone / metabolism
Quality of Life

Substances

Parathyroid Hormone

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding