Association of Blood MCP-1 Levels with Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mohammad Moslem Imani; Masoud Sadeghi; Mehdi Mohammadi; Annette Beatrix Brühl; Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani; Serge Brand

doi:10.3390/medicina58091266

Association of Blood MCP-1 Levels with Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Medicina (Kaunas). 2022 Sep 13;58(9):1266. doi: 10.3390/medicina58091266.

Authors

Mohammad Moslem Imani¹, Masoud Sadeghi², Mehdi Mohammadi³, Annette Beatrix Brühl⁴, Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani^{5

6}, Serge Brand^{4

6

7

8

9}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthodontics, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran.
² Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, Iran.
³ Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran.
⁴ Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), Psychiatric University Hospital Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
⁵ Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
⁶ Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran.
⁷ Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851115, Iran.
⁸ Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Sport Science and Psychosocial Health, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland.
⁹ School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417466191, Iran.

Abstract

Background and objective: Among the broad variety of chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is considered to be one of the most important chemokines. Among others, MCP-1 activates monocytes and other immune cells highly involved in inflammation. In the present systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated the relationship between serum/plasma MCP-1 levels and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults as a disease related to inflammation. Materials and methods: Four databases were systematically investigated until 12 July 2022. We used the Review Manager 5.3 software (Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark) to extract and calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) of plasma/serum levels of MCP-1 between adults with and without OSA. Results: Eight articles including eleven studies in adults were entered into the meta-analysis. The serum/plasma MCP-1 levels in adults with OSA were higher than that in the controls (SMD = 0.81; p = 0.0007) and as well as for adults with severe OSA compared to those with mild and moderate OSA (SMD = 0.42; p < 0.0001). The subgroup analysis showed that ethnicity was an effective factor in the pooled analysis of blood MCP-1 levels in adults with OSA compared to the controls (Asians: (p < 0.0001), mixed ethnicity: (p = 0.04), and Caucasians: (p = 0.89)). The meta-regression showed increasing serum/plasma MCP-1 levels in adults with OSA versus the controls, publication year, age of controls, body mass index (BMI) of controls, and sample size reduced, and also BMI and the apnea−hypopnea index of adults with OSA increased. Conclusions: The meta-analysis showed that compared to the controls, serum/plasma levels of MCP-1 in adults with OSA were significantly more, as well as adults with severe OSA having more serum/plasma MCP-1 levels compared to the adults with mild to moderate OSA. Therefore, MCP-1 can be used as a diagnostic and therapeutic factor in adults with OSA.

Keywords: blood; cytokine; meta-analysis; monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; obstructive sleep apnea.

Publication types

Meta-Analysis
Review
Systematic Review

MeSH terms

Adult
Chemokine CCL2*
Humans
Inflammation
Monocytes
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive*

Substances

Chemokine CCL2

Grants and funding

Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences funded this research (grant number: 990810) and the APC was funded by the Psychiatric University of Basel (Basel, Switzerland).