A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effects of icodextrin on left ventricular mass index in peritoneal dialysis

Sci Rep. 2022 Sep 22;12(1):15776. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-20157-z.

Abstract

Left ventricular hypertrophy is a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Because icodextrin has a greater ultrafiltration power compared with glucose-based solutions for long dwell, it could improve left ventricular mass by reducing fluid overload. This was a randomized clinical trial that included patients on PD recruited from 2 teaching hospitals, in Sao Paulo-Brazil. Patients were allocated to the control glucose group (GLU) or the intervention icodextrin (ICO) group. Clinical and cardiac magnetic resonance image (MRI) parameters were evaluated at baseline and 6 months after randomization. The primary outcome was the change in left ventricular mass adjusted by surface area (ΔLVMI), measured by cardiac MRI. A total of 22 patients completed the study (GLU, N = 12 and ICO, N = 10). Baseline characteristics such as age, sex, underlying disease, and time on dialysis were similar in both groups. At baseline, 17 patients (77.3%) presented with left ventricular hypertrophy with no difference between groups (p = 0.748). According to the total body water (TBW)/extracellular water (ECW) ratio, 36.8% and 80% of patients from GLU and ICO groups, respectively, were considered hypervolemic (p = 0.044). During follow-up, ΔLVMI was 3.9 g/m (- 10.7, 2.2) in GLU and 5.2 (- 26.8, 16.8) in ICO group (p = 0.651). ΔLVMI correlated with change in brain natriuretic peptide (r = 0.566, p = 0.044), which remained significant in a multiple regression analysis. The use of the icodextrin-based solution in prevalent patients on PD compared with a glucose-based solution was not able to improve LMV. A larger randomized trial with a longer follow-up period may be needed to show changes in LVM in this patient population.Trial registration: this study has been registered at ReBEC (Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clinicos) under the identification #RBR-2mzhmj2, available at: https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/pesquisador .

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Brazil
  • Dialysis Solutions*
  • Glucans / therapeutic use
  • Glucose / adverse effects
  • Glucose / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / etiology
  • Icodextrin* / therapeutic use
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
  • Peritoneal Dialysis* / methods
  • Prospective Studies
  • Renal Dialysis

Substances

  • Dialysis Solutions
  • Glucans
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
  • Icodextrin
  • Glucose

Associated data

  • ReBec/RBR-2mzhmj2