Fracture incidence in children and adolescents 0-19 years old in Mexico: a 12-year cross-sectional analysis

Patricia Clark; Diana Montiel-Ojeda; Ramón Alberto Rascón-Pacheco; Miguel A Guagnelli; Desirée Lopez-Gonzalez; Alhelí Bremer; Víctor Hugo Borja-Aburto

doi:10.1007/s11657-022-01162-1

Fracture incidence in children and adolescents 0-19 years old in Mexico: a 12-year cross-sectional analysis

Arch Osteoporos. 2022 Sep 21;17(1):127. doi: 10.1007/s11657-022-01162-1.

Authors

Patricia Clark¹, Diana Montiel-Ojeda², Ramón Alberto Rascón-Pacheco³, Miguel A Guagnelli¹, Desirée Lopez-Gonzalez¹, Alhelí Bremer⁴, Víctor Hugo Borja-Aburto⁵

Affiliations

¹ Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit, Children's Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez - Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.
² Clinical Epidemiology Research Unit, Children's Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez - Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico. nutriologadianamont@gmail.com.
³ Coordination of Epidemiological Surveillance, Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico.
⁴ Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Autonomous University of Baja California (UABC), Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico.
⁵ Teaching and Research Unit, Directorate of Medical Benefits, Mexican Institute of Social Security, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico.

PMID: 36129580
DOI: 10.1007/s11657-022-01162-1

Abstract

The objective was to know the behavior of fractures in Mexican children and adolescents. According to our study, fractures in Mexican male children and adolescents seem to be decreasing; however, we still need more national studies to know the possible causes of these fractures.

Purpose: To describe the trends of fractures in Mexican children and adolescents across a 12-year period (2007 to 2019), and to analyze if these trends have changed over time between sexes and age groups.

Methods: We identified all fracture cases registered in children and adolescents (0 to 19 years) at the emergency rooms and surgical departments of the Mexican Institute of Social Security between January 2007 and December 2019. We used ICD-10 to classify the fractures. The population was divided into two age groups: children (0 to 9 years) and adolescents (10 to 19 years). Additional information regarding sex and age was gathered up as well. We calculated annual incidence; incidence rates are presented per 10,000 population at risk. Changes in fracture trends were calculated using the average annual percentage change (AAPC).

Results: Over 12 years, 1,400,443 fractures were registered. The most frequent site of fracture was forearm in 37.1% followed by shoulder (18.1%). The overall rates of fractures have remained similar over 12 years (86.5, IQR 81.0-94.2); however, a significant decrease in fractures was observed the last 3 years (2017-2019). According to the AAPC, only in men, in both age groups, a significant decrease in fractures was observed.

Conclusion: This is the first study in Mexico to follow the behavior of fractures in the pediatric population over 12 years. Fractures seem to be decreasing in children and adolescents. An epidemiological follow-up of childhood fractures is necessary to understand the causes of fractures to generate better prevention and treatment strategies.

Keywords: Adolescent; Age factors; Bone; Child; Epidemiology; Fractures; Incidence; Risk management.

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Adult
Child
Child, Preschool
Cross-Sectional Studies
Fractures, Bone* / epidemiology
Humans
Incidence
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Mexico / epidemiology
Upper Extremity
Young Adult