SMYD3 regulates gastric cancer progression and macrophage polarization through EZH2 methylation

Cancer Gene Ther. 2023 Apr;30(4):575-581. doi: 10.1038/s41417-022-00535-5. Epub 2022 Sep 20.

Abstract

SET and MYND domain-containing protein 3 (SMYD3), a known histone methyltransferase, was reported to regulate cancer pathogenesis. However, its role in gastric development and progression remains unclear. EZH2 methylation had been associated with cancer metastasis, but the EZH2 methylation status in gastric cancer (GC) is unknown. Here, we report that EZH2 K421 methylation was responsible for gastric cancer cell soft agar colony formation, in vivo metastasis, and macrophage polarization. Mechanically, we identified SMYD3 as the methyltransferase of EZH2 at K421 residue which accelerates EZH2 Ubiquitin proteasome degradation. Cell harboring non-methylated EZH2 mutants promotes gastric cancer cell metastasis. Taken together, our results showed that SMYD3-EZH2 axis restricts gastric cancer metastasis via integrating epigenetic signaling.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein / genetics
  • Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / genetics
  • Humans
  • Macrophages / metabolism
  • Methylation
  • Signal Transduction
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / pathology

Substances

  • EZH2 protein, human
  • Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein
  • SMYD3 protein, human
  • Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase