Breast cancer represents 16% of all malignant tumors diagnosed and is the leading cause of mortality in women worldwide. While significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer have been made over the years, the management of advanced stages of the disease and treatment-related adverse events continue to be a challenge. There is a need to develop tools for target-specific delivery of drugs to improve efficiency and decrease non-specific drug-induced toxicity. The field of nanotechnology has undergone a rapid revolution and nanostructures of carbon have produced some promising results in the treatment of breast cancer, at least in experimental settings. This chapter provides an overview of the emerging role of carbon nanomaterials for the treatment of breast cancer with emphasis on graphene, fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, nano diamonds, and carbon dots. The promises and challenges are also discussed.
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