Inflammatory bowel disease and cardiovascular disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

Kaiwen Wu; Aoshuang Li; Lei Liu; Tao Shu; Demeng Xia; Xiaobin Sun

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.927120

Inflammatory bowel disease and cardiovascular disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Sep 2:9:927120. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.927120. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Kaiwen Wu¹, Aoshuang Li¹, Lei Liu², Tao Shu¹, Demeng Xia³, Xiaobin Sun¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Gastroenterology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
² Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
³ Luodian Clinical Drug Research Center, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

Background: Although epidemiological studies have shown a positive relationship between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, a solid causal relationship has not been established. Thus, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to explore the potential causal effect between IBD and CVD outcomes.

Methods: We performed a two-sample MR analysis to analyze the causal effect of the IBD on CVD outcome by using summary-level genome-wide association studies of European descent. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main MR analysis, with complementary analyses of MR Egger, maximum likelihood, weighted median, penalized weighted media, simple mode, weighted mode, and MR-PRESSO methods. Multiple sensitivity analyses were used to evaluate the robustness of our results.

Results: All P-values were greater than 0.05 in the IVW method, showing no evidence of a causal association between circulating IBD and CVD. Similar results were observed by using other MR methods. No evidence of heterogeneity, pleiotropy, or outlier single-nucleotide polymorphisms was detected. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated the robustness of the results.

Conclusion: The findings of this study provided no evidence to support that IBD has a large effect on risk of CVD outcomes, which is in contrast to many previous observational reports. Further studies are needed to determine the potential mechanism of association identified in observational studies.

Keywords: Mendelian randomization; cardiovascular diseases; causation; genome-wide association study; inflammatory bowel disease.