Ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier opening: An effective drug delivery system for theranostics of brain diseases

Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022 Nov:190:114539. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114539. Epub 2022 Sep 15.

Abstract

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) remains a significant obstacle to drug therapy for brain diseases. Focused ultrasound (FUS) combined with microbubbles (MBs) can locally and transiently open the BBB, providing a potential strategy for drug delivery across the BBB into the brain. Nowadays, taking advantage of this technology, many therapeutic agents, such as antibodies, growth factors, and nanomedicine formulations, are intensively investigated across the BBB into specific brain regions for the treatment of various brain diseases. Several preliminary clinical trials also have demonstrated its safety and good tolerance in patients. This review gives an overview of the basic mechanisms, ultrasound contrast agents, evaluation or monitoring methods, and medical applications of FUS-mediated BBB opening in glioblastoma, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.

Keywords: Blood-brain barrier; Cavitation; Drug delivery; Focused ultrasound; Theranostics; Ultrasound contrast agents.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Blood-Brain Barrier* / metabolism
  • Brain
  • Brain Diseases* / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain Diseases* / drug therapy
  • Brain Diseases* / metabolism
  • Contrast Media / metabolism
  • Drug Delivery Systems / methods
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods
  • Microbubbles
  • Precision Medicine

Substances

  • Contrast Media