The prevalence and risk factors for congenital hearing loss in neonates: A birth cohort study based on CHALLENGE study

Xin Zhou; Liming Wang; Feng Jin; Ying Guo; Yi Zhou; Xiaofen Zhang; Yawei Zhang; Xin Ni; Wei Li; Haihong Liu

doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2022.111308

The prevalence and risk factors for congenital hearing loss in neonates: A birth cohort study based on CHALLENGE study

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Nov:162:111308. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2022.111308. Epub 2022 Sep 12.

Authors

Xin Zhou¹, Liming Wang², Feng Jin³, Ying Guo⁴, Yi Zhou⁵, Xiaofen Zhang⁶, Yawei Zhang⁷, Xin Ni⁸, Wei Li⁹, Haihong Liu¹⁰

Affiliations

¹ Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. Electronic address: zhouxin@mail.ccmu.edu.cn.
² Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Miyun Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: 983415524@qq.com.
³ Shunyi Maternal and Children's Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital. Center of Genetics and Reproduction, Beijing, China. Electronic address: Jinfeng78987@126.com.
⁴ Royal National Ear, Nose, Throat & Eastman Dental Hospitals. London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: silver.guo@gmail.com.
⁵ Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. Electronic address: yiran52902@126.com.
⁶ Shunyi Maternal and Children's Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital. Center of Genetics and Reproduction, Beijing, China. Electronic address: zhangxiaofen123@sohu.com.
⁷ National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. Electronic address: zhangya69@foxmail.com.
⁸ Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. Electronic address: nixin@bch.com.
⁹ Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Genetics and Birth Defects Control Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. Electronic address: liwei@bch.com.
¹⁰ Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China. Electronic address: haihongliu6@aliyun.com.

PMID: 36116180
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2022.111308

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of congenital hearing loss (HL) in neonates based on China Longitudinal Environmental, Genetic, and Economic Cohort (CHALLENGE cohort).

Methods: Maternal and neonatal data were collected based on the CHALLENGE cohort study from July 2018 to September 2020. Total 7287 neonates underwent the universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS). Babies who did not pass the initial screening and the rescreening were given the formal audiological diagnosis for possible HL. The data was analyzed to find out the prevalence and risk factors for congenital HL in this cohort study.

Results: The prevalence of congenital HL was 3.43‰, and temporary HL was 0.07‰ (5 neonates). The statistical data showed that risk factors, including craniofacial anomalies, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, family history and advanced maternal age (AMA), could be associated with congenital HL. Additionally, exchange transfusion, assisted ventilation and NICU admission, these three factors could be associated with congenital sensorineural HL (SNHL). Risk factors including craniofacial anomalies, NICU admission, family history and AMA might be contributed to congenital conductive HL(CHL).

Conclusion: There were several common risk factors could be contributed to congenital HL, which were consistent with previous studies. However, some risk factors were no longer causing congenital HL due to the improvement of medical treatment and prenatal care. This study has not only helped explain the status quo of the prevalence of congenital HL in China but also laid foundation for future studies.

Keywords: Cohort; Hearing loss; Neonates; Prevalence; Risk factors.

MeSH terms

Birth Cohort
Cohort Studies
Deafness*
Female
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural* / diagnosis
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural* / epidemiology
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Neonatal Screening
Pregnancy
Prevalence
Risk Factors